Electric bikes (e-bikes) are becoming increasingly popular in Arizona as an environmentally friendly and efficient way to get around. With the help of a small electric motor, e-bikes make riding easier and expand the possibilities for bicycle commuting and recreation.
However, e-bike laws can be confusing, especially since regulations differ at the state and local levels. This article will provide an overview of e-bike laws in Arizona to help riders stay legal and safe.
Definition of an Electric Bike in Arizona
Under Arizona state law, an electric bicycle or e-bike is defined as a two- or three-wheeled vehicle with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than 750 watts (1 horsepower), that meets one of the following requirements:
- Class 1 electric bicycles provide motor assistance only while the rider is pedaling, and cease to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph. These are commonly used for commuting and recreational riding.
- Class 2 electric bicycles may have a throttle assist that allows propulsion without pedaling but is still limited to a maximum speed of 20 mph. The ability to use a throttle makes it easier to get started at stops and climb hills. Class 2 e-bikes are popular for running errands around town.
- Class 3 electric bicycles provide motor assistance only while the rider is pedaling, and cut off assistance once the bike reaches 28 mph. The higher 28 mph speed limit makes Class 3 models well-suited for riding on suburban or rural roads.
All classes of e-bikes are required to have fully functional pedals that can propel the bicycle even if the motor quits working. The pedal-assist or throttle is meant to supplement human power, not replace it entirely.
Arizona Electric Bike Laws: Everything You Need to Know
Are electric bikes legal in Arizona?
Yes, electric bicycles are legal to ride in Arizona. In 2019, Arizona adopted the federal classification system to define electric bikes and regulate their use. As long as the e-bike meets one of the three federal classes, it is considered a legal bicycle in Arizona and is not subject to motor vehicle registration or licensing requirements.
Do I need a license to operate an electric bike in Arizona?
No license is required to operate an electric bike of any class in Arizona. Electric bicycles are not treated as motor vehicles by the state, so you can ride them without a driver’s license or motorcycle endorsement.
Do I need to register my electric bike in Arizona?
No, registering an e-bike with the Arizona Motor Vehicle Division is not necessary. Electric bicycles are exempt from registration requirements in Arizona. They are considered regular bicycles under the law.
Where can I ride my electric bike in Arizona?
In general, you can ride a Class 1 or 2 e-bike anywhere a regular bicycle is allowed – bike lanes, bike paths, streets, sidewalks etc. Class 3 e-bikes may have some limitations on trails or paths that prohibit motorized vehicles. E-bikes are not permitted on highways or freeways where bicycles are prohibited. Always check local regulations too, as some cities ban sidewalk riding.
What are the speed limits for electric bikes in Arizona?
E-bikes are speed-limited based on their class. Class 1 and 2 e-bikes won’t assist riders faster than 20mph, while Class 3 has a 28mph assist limit. When riders stop pedaling or exceed these speeds, the motor cuts out and e-bikes are subject to the same speeds as regular bicycles. Most Arizona jurisdictions follow the 15mph bike speed limit on paths and roads.
Do I need to wear a helmet when riding an electric bike in Arizona?
Helmet use is required for e-bike riders under 18, just as with standard bicycles. Adults are not legally mandated to wear helmets, but it is highly recommended for safety reasons. E-bikes can reach higher speeds than regular bikes, making helmets essential protective gear.
Do I need to have lights on my electric bike?
Yes, Arizona state law requires e-bikes ridden at night to have a front white light visible from 500 feet ahead, and a rear red reflector visible 300 feet behind. It is also wise to use additional flashing lights to increase visibility.
Can I ride my electric bike on sidewalks in Arizona?
In general, yes, but some cities prohibit sidewalk e-bike riding, especially in busy downtown areas. Check local ordinances before riding on sidewalks. When on sidewalks, e-bikes must always yield to pedestrians.
Can I ride my electric bike on trails in Arizona?
Many trails allow Class 1 and 2 e-bikes where regular bikes are permitted. However, some trails restrict or ban motorized vehicles, in which case e-bikes may be prohibited. Usage regulations differ between federal, state, county, and city trails, so check area rules before riding.
What happens if I violate an electric bike law in Arizona?
Breaking e-bike laws can result in traffic citations and fines, just like with a regular bicycle. More serious violations like riding while intoxicated may result in the e-bike being impounded. Unregistered e-bikes cannot be considered abandoned property by police, however.
Where can I buy an electric bike in Arizona?
Major options for purchasing e-bikes in Arizona include:
- Local e-bike specialty shops that offer a range of models, expertise, and test rides.
- Conventional bicycle shops carry some e-bike brands in addition to regular bikes.
- Large bicycle retailers like Performance Bike with some e-bike models and limited assistance.
- Online e-bike companies that ship to Arizona, such as Rad Power Bikes or Juiced Bikes.
- Used private sellers through Craigslist, eBay, etc. But test ride carefully first.
- Electric motorcycle dealers may carry electric mopeds exceeding e-bike specifications.
Do I need insurance to ride an electric bike in Arizona?
No, Arizona does not require e-bike insurance coverage. But it can provide protection in case of theft, damage in a crash, or liability claims if you were to cause injury to others. Homeowners or renters insurance may include some coverage, but limits are often low. E-bike-specific policies are available from some insurers.
Also Read:- Alaska Electric Bike Laws: Everything You Need to Know
Disclaimer
The information provided in this article is intended for general informational and educational purposes only. It should not be considered legal advice or a substitute for obtaining professional advice specific to your circumstances. Laws and regulations regarding electric bicycles are subject to change over time. You use any information contained in this article at your own risk and sole responsibility. Consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction if you have any legal questions related to the operation of electric bicycles. We disclaim any liability arising directly or indirectly from the use of the information provided here.
1 thought on “Arizona Electric Bike Laws: Everything You Need to Know”